Irrigation water - irrigation water

…A water distribution system implemented since the Middle Ages to prevent uneven harvests caused by the unequal distribution of irrigation water under the same water source and water system, and to minimize damage caused by drought. To regulate the amount of water, (1) water is distributed in a set order at a set time according to the area of ​​rice paddies currently under cultivation, (2) instruments and tools (such as diversion sticks and diversion stones) are used at the water diversion points to measure the amount of water flowing, (3) the width and depth of the waterway are determined and the amount of water flowing is measured, (4) when a dam is built on a river, the flow is not completely blocked, but a set gap is opened and a set amount of water is released downstream while maintaining a set depth of water flow. The specific details of the bansui include which residents of which area have the right to propose and decide to drain the irrigation reservoir and release water, and several of these are used in combination to operate a bansui. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "irrigation water" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…中世以後，同一水源･水系のもとで，灌漑用水の不公平な配分からくる収穫の豊凶を避け，また干ばつによる被害を最小限にくい止めるために行われた水の配分制度。水量を調節するため(1)現作している水田面積に応じて一定の時間を定めて決められた順序に従って配水する，(2)分水点に設けられた流水量測定の器具･道具(分木（ぶんぎ），分水石など)を使用する，(3)水路の幅，深さを定めて流水量を測る，(4)河川に堰（せき）を設ける場合に完全に流水を遮断せず，定められた間隙を開け，定められた深さの水流を保ちつつ一定量の水を下流に放流する，などの諸方法と，用水池の樋（ひ）を抜き放水する発議権や決定権をどの地域のどのような住民が行うかなどが番水の具体的内容であり，それらがいくつか併用されて一つの番水が運営されている。…

※「灌漑用水」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報