Dumping originally meant buying and selling at discriminatory prices in domestic and foreign markets, but generally it means selling something unfairly cheap. Exchange dumping refers to the unfair devaluation of the foreign exchange rate (the external value of one's own currency) to lower export prices and expand exports. In other words, when the exchange rate falls (in Japan's case, the yen weakens), export prices expressed in foreign currency become cheaper, which strengthens international competitiveness and makes it possible to expand exports. Under a floating exchange rate system, exchange dumping appears as a result of market trends, but during the global recession of the 1930s, it was used as a policy tool to boost export competition. Unlike commodity dumping, which aims to expand the sales channels of specific products, the effects of exchange dumping are characterized by their effect on all export products. [Tsuchiya Rokuro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ダンピングとは本来は内外市場において差別価格で売買することを意味するが、一般的には不当に安売りすることをいう。為替ダンピングとは、外国為替相場(自国通貨の対外価値)を不当に切り下げることにより、輸出価格を下げ、輸出の拡大を図ることをさす。すなわち、為替相場が下落すると(日本の場合には円安)、外貨表示の輸出価格が安くなり、対外競争力が強まるので、輸出の拡大が可能となるのである。変動相場制のもとでは、為替ダンピングは市場の成り行きの結果として現れるが、1930年代の世界的不況時には輸出競争の手段として政策的に利用された。為替ダンピングの効果は、特定商品の販路拡大を目的とする商品ダンピングとは異なり、すべての輸出品に及ぶのが特徴である。 [土屋六郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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