Gabriel Synthesis - Gabriel Gosei

Japanese: ガブリエル合成 - ガブリエルゴウセイ
Gabriel Synthesis - Gabriel Gosei

A method for synthesizing high-purity primary alkylamines using alkyl halides. The alkyl halide is reacted with the potassium salt of phthalimide to produce N -alkylphthalimide, which is then hydrolyzed to synthesize a primary amine. As a result, no secondary or tertiary amines are produced as by-products. In general, the production of alkylphthalimide is slow, but the reaction can be accelerated by using the aprotic polar solvent DMF or crown ether. The hydrolysis reaction of alkylphthalimide can be carried out using an acid or base catalyst, or by heating with hydrazine.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

ハロゲン化アルキルを用いて,高純度の第一級アルキルアミンを合成する方法.ハロゲン化アルキルをフタルイミドのカリウム塩と反応させN-アルキルフタルイミドを生成し,これを加水分解して第一級アミンを合成する.このため,第二級や第三級アミンを副生することはない.一般に,アルキルフタルイミドの生成は遅いが,非プロトン性極性溶媒のDMFや,クラウンエーテルの使用で反応が加速される.アルキルフタルイミドの加水分解反応は,酸や塩基触媒を用いるほか,ヒドラジンと加熱する方法も知られている.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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