Kawara-in

This was the residence of Minamoto no Toru, son of Emperor Saga. It is said to have been located south of Rokujo-bomon in Heian-kyo (present-day Gojo-dori) and eight blocks east of Madarono-koji (present-day Yanagi-no-maba-dori), west of the Kamo River. After Toru's death, it became the residence of Emperor Uda, and was also called Higashi-Rokujo-in. A pond was dug in the garden, modeled after Shiogama in Mutsu (Miyagi Prefecture), and it is said that seawater was brought in from Naniwa Bay in Settsu (Osaka Prefecture), and fish were allowed to swim in it to make salt. Many writers and poets, including Ariwara no Narihira, gathered here, and after Toru's death, there are waka poems written by Ki no Tsurayuki. The property was passed down from Toru to his son Noboru. The poet Anpo-hoshi, the grandson of Noboru, also lived there, and it later became a temple, and in 991 (Shoreki 2) the monk Ninko enshrined a statue of Shaka (Buddha) there. It burned down in 1155 (Kyuju 2). After being rebuilt, it was hit by fire again in 1159 (Heiji 1) and 1203 (Kennin 3).

[Yutaka Yamanaka]

"Minamoto no Toru, by Yamanaka Yutaka (included in "Heian Jinbutsu-shi", 1975, University of Tokyo Press)" "Emperor Uda's Retired Residence and National Politics, by Mezaki Tokuei (included in "Research on the Engiten Calendar Period", 1939, Ancient Studies Association)" "Inukai Ren, "Poets of Kawara-in" ("Japanese Language and Japanese Literature" 44-10, October 1967, Shibundo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

嵯峨(さが)天皇の子源融(とおる)の邸宅。平安京六条坊門の南（現在の五条通）、万里小路(までのこうじ)（現在の柳馬場通）の東8町にわたり、賀茂川の西にあったという。融の死後、宇多(うだ)法皇の御所となり、東六条院ともよばれた。庭に池を掘り、陸奥(むつ)（宮城県）の塩竈(しおがま)に模してつくり、摂津（大阪府）難波(なにわ)の浦より潮水を運び海の魚を泳がせ、塩を焼いたという。在原業平(ありわらのなりひら)をはじめ文人、歌人が多く集まり、融死後、紀貫之(きのつらゆき)の詠んだ和歌もみられる。融より子の昇(のぼる)に伝領。昇の孫の歌人安法法師も住み、のちに寺となり、991年（正暦2）僧仁康(にんこう)が釈迦(しゃか)像を安置した。1155年（久寿2）焼失した。再建後、1159年（平治1）、1203年（建仁3）にも火災にあった。

［山中　裕］

『山中裕著『源融』（『平安人物志』所収・1975・東京大学出版会）』▽『目崎徳衛著『宇多上皇の院と国政』（『延喜天暦時代の研究』所収・1939・古代学協会）』▽『犬養廉「河原院の歌人達」（『国語と国文学』44―10.1967.10・至文堂）』

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