...It is a group of people (professional status) characterized by a certain competence in legal proceedings and the social currency associated with it, regardless of social origin or judicial or administrative office or function. The basis of their professional competence and prestige was the study of Roman canon law (scholarly law), which had been practiced since the 12th century in Bologna and in universities throughout Europe modelled on Bologna. Such (university-educated) scholarly lawyers were the first to enter the Church. From the Code Controversy…As he later reflected, in Germany at that time, in addition to the two aforementioned codes, there were other codes such as the Prussian General Land Law, and given the political situation at the time, there was little prospect of the Congress of Vienna improving the situation. Therefore, in order to achieve legal unification throughout Germany under such circumstances, the most realistic approach was to rely on the learned law, a tradition that had existed since the common law Jus Commune. In fact, even in the heyday of restorationism, the historical jurisprudence established by Savigny produced a unified civil jurisprudence, which eventually led to the establishment of the German Civil Code as an extension of it. … From [The Adoption of Roman Law]...It refers to the spread of learned law (Roman law) in continental Europe in the late Middle Ages and early modern times, and the process of its penetration and assimilation, but the way this concept is used has changed over time. Originally, it was a concept in the field of legal sources in German jurisprudence in the 17th and 18th centuries, and after the legend that Emperor Lothair III (von Sprinburg) officially introduced Roman law into Germany as imperial law was destroyed by H. Conring, the theory was established that Roman law in its entirety - as long as it was explained in the "standard commentary" - was "usu receptum" (received by custom) by the courts in order to explain the validity of Roman law in Germany. *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Gakushikiho" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…それは,社会的出自や司法・行政上の官職ないし機能と関係なく,法的処理に対する一定の能力と,これと結びついた社会的通用性によって特徴づけられる人間集団(職業身分)である。その職業的能力およびプレステージの基礎となったのはローマ・カノン法(学識法)の勉学であり,これは12世紀以来ボローニャに,またボローニャを範にしてヨーロッパ各地に成立する大学で行われた。 このような(大学で教育を受けた)学識法律家は,まず第1に教会に進出した。… 【法典論争】より…後年彼自身回顧していることであるが,当時のドイツには前述の2法典に加えてプロイセン一般ラント法といった法典が分立しており,しかも当時の政治情勢からして,〈ウィーン会議〉でそれが改善される見込みはほとんどなかった。したがって,そうした状況の下で全ドイツの法的統一を達成するためには普通法Jus Commune以来の伝統たる〈学識法〉によることが最も現実的であった。事実,復古主義の全盛下であったにもかかわらず,サビニーの樹立した歴史法学は統一的な市民法学を生み出し,やがてその延長線上にドイツ民法典が成立するに至ったのである。… 【ローマ法の継受】より…中世後期ないし近世初頭の大陸ヨーロッパにおける学識法(ローマ法)の普及,その浸透と同化の過程をいうが,この概念の用いられ方には変遷がある。 元来は17,18世紀ドイツ法学の法源論の分野における概念であり,ローマ法は皇帝ロタール3世(フォン・ズプリンブルク)が帝国法をもって公式にドイツに導入したとする伝説がH.コンリングの手で打ちこわされて以来,ドイツにおけるローマ法の通用力を説明するために,ローマ法はその全体が――《標準注釈》によって解説を付されているかぎり――裁判所の〈慣用によって継受されたusu receptum〉とする理論が立てられたことに由来する。… ※「学識法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
<<: learned lawyer - learned lawyer
>>: Academic Words - Gakushikigo
…the upper half of the occipital scale sometimes ...
A school of medieval waka poetry. Founded by Kyog...
...Subsequent kings were unable to control their ...
...They are believed to be descendants of the Tob...
…During that time, the number of stars for which ...
Year of death: Rekio 2/Engen 4.1.16 (1339.2.25) Ye...
...The disease progresses slowly, and although it...
French religious reformer and humanist. Latin name...
When very strong light hits a photographic plate o...
The Bank of England Charter Act, enacted in July 1...
Walking on two legs with the spine erect, the hea...
〘Noun〙① A lineage of continental immigrants in the...
A packaged individual trip in which vehicle seats ...
…Alberti also produced politically charged works ...
A butterfly belonging to the order Lepidoptera, f...