Leaded gasoline

Japanese: 加鉛ガソリン - かえんがそりん(英語表記)leaded gasoline
Leaded gasoline

Leaded gasoline is an anti-knock agent that has had its octane rating increased by the addition of alkyl lead such as tetraethyl lead Pb( C2H5 ) 4 or tetramethyl lead Pb( CH3 ) 4 . Because these lead compounds are highly toxic, leaded gasoline is dyed orange (for automobiles), green, or purple (for aviation) to indicate its toxicity. In recent years, the harmful effects of lead compounds in the exhaust gas of leaded gasoline, particularly the poisoning of exhaust purification catalysts, have led to a worldwide shift to low-lead or lead-free gasoline, and the amount of lead has been significantly reduced. The Japanese Industrial Standards (K2202 for automobiles and K2206 for aviation) stipulate that the amount of lead in automobile gasoline must be 0.03% by volume or less, and that in aviation gasoline must be 0.122% by volume or less, and lead has already been abolished for regular automobile gasoline.

[Hara Nobuyoshi]

[Reference items] | Anti-knock agents | Gasoline

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ガソリンのうちアンチノック剤として、テトラエチル鉛Pb(C2H5)4やテトラメチル鉛Pb(CH3)4などのアルキル鉛を添加してオクタン価を上昇させたもの。これらの鉛化合物は猛毒性物質であるため、その毒性を表示するため加鉛ガソリンは染料によりオレンジ(自動車用)、緑、紫(航空用)などに着色されている。近年、加鉛ガソリンの排気中に含まれる鉛化合物の有害性、とくに排気浄化触媒が被毒されることから世界的にガソリンの低鉛化ないし無鉛化が進み、現在では加鉛量は著しく低下している。日本工業規格(自動車用K2202、航空用K2206)では自動車ガソリンの加鉛量は0.03容量%以下、航空ガソリンの加鉛量は0.122容量%以下に定められ、とくに並級(レギュラー)自動車ガソリンはすでに加鉛が廃止されている。

[原 伸宜]

[参照項目] | アンチノック剤 | ガソリン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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