Naval General Staff - Kaigungunreibu

This was the organization that oversaw military orders in the former Japanese Navy. It was established by the "Navy Military Order Ordinance" of May 20, 1893 (Meiji 26), renamed the Military Order Department by the "Military Order Department Order" of September 27, 1933 (Showa 8), and abolished on October 15, 1945 (Showa 20). When the Meiji Navy was established, there was initially no organization exclusively responsible for military orders, and the Ministry of the Navy was in charge of both military orders and military administration. In 1884, the Military Department was established as an external bureau within the Ministry of the Navy, and it was the first to be in charge of military orders. In 1886, the Military Department became the Navy Department of the General Staff, and in 1888 it became the Naval General Staff Headquarters under the Minister of the Navy, and in 1889 it returned to the Minister of the Navy and became the Naval General Staff Department, but in 1893 it became independent from the Ministry of the Navy and became the Naval Military Order Department, which was directly subordinate to the Emperor. It was in charge of operations, organization, intelligence, communications, and military history, but when it was renamed the Naval General Staff in 1933, rules for mutual negotiation between it and the Ministry of the Navy were established, expanding its authority. The head of the Naval General Staff was called the Chief of the Naval General Staff, and, alongside the Chief of Staff, it was the highest advisory body to the Emperor's supreme command.

[Akira Fujiwara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

旧日本海軍の軍令を管掌した機関。1893年（明治26）5月20日の「海軍軍令部条例」により設置され、1933年（昭和8）9月27日の「軍令部令」により軍令部と改称、45年（昭和20）10月15日廃止された。明治の海軍の建設にあたって、初めは軍令の専掌機関はなく、海軍省が軍令と軍政を一元的に管掌していたが、1884年海軍省内に外局として軍事部が設置され、初めて軍令をつかさどった。86年軍事部は参謀本部の海軍部となり、88年参軍のもとの海軍参謀本部となり、89年海軍大臣のもとに戻って海軍参謀部となったが、93年海軍省から独立して天皇に直隷する海軍軍令部となった。作戦、編制、情報、通信、戦史などをつかさどったが、1933年軍令部に改称するにあたって、海軍省との間に業務互渉規程が設けられて権限が拡大した。海軍軍令部の長は海軍軍令部長と称し、参謀総長と並んで、天皇の統帥権の最高の輔弼(ほひつ)機関であった。

［藤原　彰］

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