Cyclotomic equation

Japanese: 円分方程式 - えんぶんほうていしき(英語表記)cyclotomic equation
Cyclotomic equation
This is also known as a cyclotomic equation. In the domain of complex numbers, the equation x n -1 = 0 has exactly n roots. These n roots can be shown by the vertices of a regular n- gon inscribed in a unit circle, with x = 1 as one of its vertices. If we rewrite the left-hand side of x n -1 = 0 as x n -1 = ( x -1)( x n -1 + x n -2 + ... +1), then in order for this to become 0,
(1) x -1 = 0, i.e. x = 1
(2) x n -1 + x n -2 +…+1=0
is satisfied. Equation (2) gives the n - 1 roots of 1, excluding 1. This equation (2), or an equation obtained by factorizing it and setting the factor to 0, is called a cyclotomic equation.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
円周等分方程式ともいう。方程式 xn-1=0 の根は,複素数の領域では,正確に n 個存在する。これら n 個の根は,x=1 を一つの頂点にもち,単位円に内接する正 n 角形の頂点によって示すことができる。xn-1=0 の左辺を xn-1=(x-1)(xn-1xn-2+…+1) と書き換えれば,これが 0になるためには,
(1) x-1=0 すなわち x=1
(2) xn-1xn-2+…+1=0
の一方が満たされるときにかぎる。方程式 (2)は,1の n 個の n 乗根のうち 1を除いた n-1 個の根を与える。この方程式 (2),あるいはそれを因数分解した因子を 0とおいた方程式を円分方程式という。

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