Yan Dynasty - Director

… [Hiroyuki Ninomiya]
【China】
In China, the imperial court was the residence of the emperor, and was also written as the palace, and was called the "imperial court," "palace quae," or simply "chao" or "quae," and was often contrasted with the "market," which was a place for trading goods. According to the Kaogongji in the Zhou Li, when a national capital was constructed, the royal palace was placed in the center, the ancestral temple in the east, the shrine in the west, the "court" in the front or south, and the "city" in the rear or north. The entire description in the Zhou Li indicates that the emperor had three courts, with the area inside the Lumen called the Yan Court, where the emperor lived and lived on a daily basis, the area outside the Lumen and inside the Yingmen called the Zhi Court, where the emperor attended daily and oversaw government affairs, and the area outside the Yingmen and inside the Gaomen called the Outer Court, where court officials handled government affairs. When the whole was divided into the Inner Court and the Outer Court, the Yan Court and the Zhi Court were collectively called the Inner Court. The imperial courts of the Qin and Han dynasties did not have the same structure as described in the Zhou Li, but the outline of the imperial courts was respected.

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "Yan Dynasty" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…【二宮 宏之】
【中国】
　中国では，宮廷というのは帝王の居処のことであり，宮庭とも書かれ，〈朝廷〉〈宮闕（きゆうけつ）〉あるいは単に〈朝〉〈闕〉といわれ，しばしば商品交易の場である〈市〉と対して呼ばれた。《周礼（しゆらい）》考工記によれば，国都を造営する際には，中央に王宮をおき，東に宗廟，西に社稷（しやしよく），前方つまり南に〈朝〉，後方つまり北に〈市〉を設けたし，《周礼》全体の記述からみると，天子には三朝があったことになり，路門より内側を天子の日常起居する場所である燕朝といい，路門外，応門内を天子が毎日臨御して政事をみる場所たる治朝といい，応門外，皋門（こうもん）内を朝士が政事をつかさどる場所たる外朝といったとされ，全体を内朝と外朝とに二大別するときは燕朝と治朝をあわせて内朝といったのである。　秦･漢以後の歴代の宮廷つまり朝廷が，《周礼》に記述されていたとおりの構造をもっていたわけではないが，大綱においては，その構想は尊重されていたとみてよい。…

※「燕朝」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報