Bowing

Japanese: 運弓法 - うんきゅうほう（英語表記）bowing

How to use the bow on a stringed instrument. The volume, tone, and emotional expression of a stringed instrument are all determined by bowing. Therefore, it is as important in stringed instrument playing as fingering. There are two types of bowing: down bow (moving the arm from left to right) and up bow (moving the arm from right to left). The former is generally used on strong beats and the latter on weak beats. Furthermore, various expressions can be achieved by changing the part of the bow used and the way it is used.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

弦楽器の弓の使い方。弦楽器における音量，音質の変化，感情の表現は運弓の働きによる。それゆえ，運指法と同様弦楽器演奏上重要である。運弓には下弓 (腕を左から右へ動かす) と上弓 (腕を右から左へ動かす) との別があり，一般に前者は強拍に，後者は弱拍に用いられる。さらに弓の使用部分と使用方法によって，さまざまな表現ができる。

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