Kanauj - Kanauj (English spelling)

Japanese: カナウジ - かなうじ(英語表記)Kanauj
Kanauj - Kanauj (English spelling)

An ancient city in northern India. Located in central Uttar Pradesh, on the banks of a tributary of the Ganges, it has been known since ancient times. In Sanskrit, it is called Kanyakubja (meaning "bent-backed maiden"). The Chinese Tang dynasty monk Xuanzang transliterated it as 羯若釠闍, and freely translated it as 曲女. It was a city of the Maukari dynasty in the 6th century, but Harsha established his capital in the early 7th century and prospered as a large city, and for the next 600 years it became the political and cultural center of northern India. After King Yashovarman in the 8th century, it flourished under the Pratihara dynasty, and from the late 11th century onwards it became the capital of the Gahadabhara dynasty. It was invaded by the Ghaznavid dynasty in 1118, and was conquered by the army of the Ghor dynasty at the end of the 12th century.

[Toshio Yamazaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

北インドの古代都市。ウッタル・プラデシュ州中央部、ガンジス川の支流の川岸にあり、古くから名が知られた。サンスクリットではカーニヤクブジャKanyākubja(「腰が曲がった乙女」の意味)という。中国・唐の僧玄奘(げんじょう)は羯若鞠闍と音訳し、曲女と意訳している。6世紀にマウカリ朝の都市であったが、7世紀初めにハルシャが都を設けて大都市として繁栄し、その後600年間北インドの政治、文化の中心地となった。8世紀のヤショーバルマン王を経て、プラティーハーラ朝のもとで栄え、11世紀後半以後ガーハーダバーラ朝の都となり、1118年にガズナ朝の侵略を受け、12世紀末にはゴール朝の軍隊によって征服された。

[山崎利男]

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