Iwasaki Castle

Japanese: 岩崎城 - いわさきじょう

Hirayamajiro ( Hirayama Castle) was a castle built during the Warring States period in Nisshin City, Aichi Prefecture. The main enclosure with a tower stand was located on the top of a hill, the second enclosure was located to the north, the western enclosure to the west , and the eastern enclosure to the east, with dry moats between each enclosure. The year and who built the castle are unknown, but there are records that it was a subsidiary castle of Katsuhata Castle (Aisai City, Aichi Prefecture) during the time of Oda Nobuhide (father of Oda Nobunaga), who was the lord of the castle. In 1529 (Kyoroku 2), Matsudaira Kiyoyasu (grandfather of Tokugawa Ieyasu), the lord of Okazaki Castle in Mikawa, captured Iwasaki Castle, whose commander was Arakawa Yorimune, who was affiliated with Oda Nobuhide, with 7,000 soldiers, and the Matsudaira clan took control. However, in 1535 (Tenbun 4), Kiyoyasu was assassinated by his retainers in the camp (the Moriyama collapse), and the Matsudaira clan's forces withdrew from Iwasaki Castle. Instead, Niwa Ujikiyo of Hongo Castle (Nissin City) moved to the castle, and from then on, the Niwa clan ruled Iwasaki Castle for four generations, surviving the eras of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu. In the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute in 1584 (Tensho 12), in which Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu fought, Niwa Ujitsugu, the lord of Iwasaki Castle, followed Ieyasu to Komaki, while his younger brother Ujishige defended the castle. However, Ujishige was killed in battle against Ikeda Tsuneoki and others who had come south to launch a surprise attack on Okazaki Castle, and Iwasaki Castle fell. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 (Keicho 5), Ujitsugu participated in the battle on the Tokugawa side, and Ieyasu recognized his achievements by making him the daimyo of Iho in Mikawa Province (present-day Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture) with a fief of 10,000 koku. At this time, Iwasaki Castle was abandoned. Afterwards, the Niwa clan continued as fudai daimyo, welcoming the Meiji Restoration as lord of Mikusa Domain in Harima . Currently, the castle ruins have been developed into a park, and a three-storey mock castle tower (historical museum) has been built. Excavations were carried out to develop the park, and various remains were discovered, which have been filled in for preservation. However, remains such as the moats, dry moats, earthen ramparts, earthen bridges and wells remain well preserved. A garden (Ninomaru Garden) is now located at the site of the Ninomaru, but it was originally the site of the Umadekuruwa. Take a bus from Nagakute-Koshiba Station on the Linimo (Tobu Kyuryo Line) and get off at Iwasaki-Mitakeguchi.

Iwasaki Castle (Iwate Prefecture)

This medieval mountain castle was located in Kitakami City, Iwate Prefecture. Built on a 20m high river terrace of the Geto River, it was the castle of the Waga clan, who ruled the Kitakami region at the time. It was the second largest castle after the Waga clan's main castle, Futago Castle ( Hise Castle), located in Futago Town, the same city. In 1590 (Tensho 18), Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Oshu Shioki, which was carried out immediately after the Battle of Odawara, resulted in the Waga clan being stripped of their titles and their territory being incorporated into the Nanbu domain. Dissatisfied with this, the Waga clan's family and retainers barricaded themselves in Iwasaki Castle and resisted, but were suppressed by the Nanbu clan. Later, the Waga clan took advantage of the chaos of the Battle of Sekigahara to rise up again. Tadachika , the younger brother of the head of the family, Waga Yoshitada , led his former retainers and seized Iwasaki Castle again, but was pacified after the Battle of Sekigahara. It is said that the Waga clan's repeated resistance was supported by Date Masamune, who was dissatisfied with Hideyoshi's punishment of Oshu. Currently, the Iwasaki Community Center building, which imitates the castle, stands on the castle site, but it is not a replica of Iwasaki Castle. It is about 20 minutes by car from Kitakami Station on the JR Tohoku Main Line and Tohoku Shinkansen.

Source: Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japanese Castles Information

Japanese:

愛知県日進市にあった戦国時代の平山城(ひらやまじろ)。丘の頂上に櫓(やぐら)台のある本丸があり、その北に二の丸、西に西曲輪(くるわ)、東に東曲輪が配置され、それぞれの曲輪の間に空堀が設けられていた。築城年、築城者は不明だが、勝幡城（愛知県愛西市）の城主だった織田信秀（織田信長の父）の時代に、同城の支城であったとする記録がある。1529年（享禄2）、織田信秀に属した荒川頼宗が城将となっていた岩崎城を三河の岡崎城主・松平清康（徳川家康の祖父）が7000人の兵で攻め落とし、松平氏が支配した。しかし、1535年（天文4）に清康が陣中で家臣に暗殺される事件（森山崩れ）が起こると、松平氏の勢力は岩崎城から退去した。代わって、本郷城（日進市）の丹羽氏清が同城に移り住み、以後、丹羽氏が4代にわたって岩崎城主となり、織田信長や徳川家康の時代を生き抜くことになる。1584年（天正12）の豊臣秀吉と徳川家康が戦った小牧・長久手の戦いでは、岩崎城主の丹羽氏次は家康に従い小牧に出陣し、城は弟の氏重が守った。しかし、氏重は岡崎城を奇襲するため南下した池田恒興らと戦って戦死し、岩崎城は落城した。1600年（慶長5）の関ヶ原の戦いでは、氏次は徳川方として参戦、家康から功績を認められ三河国伊保（現愛知県豊田市）1万石の大名として取り立てられた。このとき、岩崎城は廃城となった。その後、丹羽氏は譜代大名として存続し、播磨三草(みくさ)藩主として明治維新をむかえている。現在、城跡は公園として整備され、3層の模擬天守（歴史博物館）が建てられている。この公園を整備するにあたって発掘調査が行われ、さまざまな遺構が発見されたが、保存のため埋め戻されている。しかし、曲輪、空堀、土塁、土橋や井戸跡などの遺構はよく残っている。二の丸跡は現在、庭園（二の丸庭園）が設けられているが、本来は馬出曲輪であった場所である。リニモ（東部丘陵線）の長久手古戦場駅からバス、岩崎御岳口下車。

いわさきじょう【岩崎城〈岩手県〉】

岩手県北上市にあった中世の山城(やまじろ)。夏油(げとう)川の比高20mほどの河岸段丘の上につくられた、当時、北上一帯を支配していた和賀(わが)氏の城である。同市二子(ふたご)町にあった和賀氏の本城二子城（飛勢城）に次ぐ規模をもつ。1590年（天正18）の小田原の役直後に行われた、豊臣秀吉による奥州仕置で和賀氏は改易となり、領地は南部領に編入されることになった。これを不満とする和賀氏の一族郎党は岩崎城に籠もり抵抗したが、南部氏に鎮圧された。その後、和賀氏は関ヶ原の戦いの混乱に乗じて再び蜂起。当主の和賀義忠(よしただ)の弟忠親(ただちか)が旧家臣団を率いて再び岩崎城を奪ったが、関ヶ原の合戦の終息後、平定された。和賀氏のたび重なる抵抗の背後には、秀吉の奥州仕置に不満のあった伊達政宗(だてまさむね)の支援があったといわれている。現在、城跡には城郭を模した岩崎公民館の建物が建っているが、岩崎城を復元したものではない。JR東北本線・東北新幹線北上駅から車で約20分。

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