Immigrant colony - Ijushokuminchi

...Examples include the construction of cities on the Mediterranean coast by the ancient Phoenicians, the Greek colonies (apoikia), the Roman colonias, and the eastward migration of medieval Germans. There are also many similar examples of collective migration outside of Europe. However, in the 19th century, the word colony came to mean not only a place of settlement but also an area controlled politically and economically by a European nation. From the end of the 19th century onwards, not only territories and settlement colonies but also areas that were subject to the imperialistic advance of the great powers came to be considered colonies regardless of their legal form, such as protectorates, protected territories, leased territories, special company territories (such as the Imperial British East Africa Company), and mandates. During the age of imperialism, the great powers established spheres of influence and interests around the world through mutual diplomatic negotiations, and mutually recognized the exclusive domination and interests of certain countries, in what is known as the division of the world. ...

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "settlement colonies" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…古代フェニキア人の地中海沿岸の都市建設，ギリシア人の植民市(アポイキア)，ローマ人のコロニア，さらに中世ドイツ人の東方移住などはその例であり，また，ヨーロッパ以外でもこれと類似した集団的な移住の例は数多い。　しかし，19世紀になると植民地という言葉は，移住地という意味に加えてヨーロッパ国家によって政治的･経済的に支配された地域をも意味するようになり，19世紀末以降は属領や移住植民地のみならず列強の帝国主義的な進出をうけた地域は，保護国，保護地，租借地，特殊会社領(帝国イギリス東アフリカ会社など)，委任統治領などの法的な形態を問わず植民地と考えられるようになった。そして，帝国主義の時代に列強は，相互の外交交渉などによって世界中に勢力圏や利益圏を設定し，特定国の排他的な支配や権益を承認しあう，いわゆる世界分割を行った。…

※「移住植民地」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報