Caspar, Schamberger

Japanese: カスパル - Ｃａｓｐａｒ，Ｓｃｈａｍｂｅｒｇｅｒ

Year of death: 1706.4.4 (1706.4.4)
Born: September 11, 1623
A physician at the Dutch trading post who came to Japan in the early Edo period. Born into a merchant family in Leipzig, Germany, he learned surgery there. He arrived in Japan in September 1649 (Keian 2) and stayed there until 1655 as a medical officer attached to the Dutch trading post at Dejima, Nagasaki. During this time he accompanied the chief of the trading post on two occasions on court visits to Edo. During his first visit he was ordered by the shogunate to remain in Edo, where he imparted medical knowledge during his 10-month stay. His disciples later popularized his style as Caspar style surgery. His treatment method mainly involved the use of 17 prescriptions for an ointment. After returning to Japan, he obtained Leipzig citizenship and became a merchant, built a mansion with a large garden, and left behind an enormous inheritance. His eldest son became the rector of Leipzig University. <References> W. Michel, "On the Life of Kaspar Schamberger, Doctor at the Dejima Dutch Museum" (Japanese Journal of Medical History, Vol. 36, No. 3), "On Kaspar Schamberger's Eulogy" (Japanese Journal of Medical History, Vol. 37, No. 4)

(Muneta Hajime)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：1706.4.4(1706.4.4)
生年：1623.9.11
江戸前期に来日したオランダ商館医。ドイツ・ライプチヒの商家に生まれ,同地で外科術を学ぶ。慶安2(1649)年9月に来日し,長崎出島のオランダ商館付医官として慶安4年まで滞在。この間2度にわたって商館長の江戸参府に随行した。第1回参府時に幕府から江戸残留を命じられ,10カ月の滞在中に医学を伝授。のち門人らによってカスパル流外科として広められた。その治療法は17方(処方)の膏薬を用いることを主とした。帰国後はライプチヒの市民権を得て商人となり,大庭園付きの邸宅を構えて莫大な遺産を残した。長男はライプチヒ大学長。<参考文献>W.ミヒェル「出島蘭館医カスパル・シャムベルゲルの生涯について」(『日本医史学雑誌』36巻3号),同「カスパル・シャムベルゲルの『弔辞』について」(同37巻4号)

(宗田一)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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