… When states were established beyond the tribes, the shaykhs became the link between the state and the tribes. For example, the Umayyad caliph Muawiyah I held a council of powerful tribal leaders called the shūrā as a private advisory body for the caliph. Muawiyah's methods were a direct copy of those of the shaykhs of Arab tribes, but in any case, the caliph tried to communicate with the tribes through the shūrā. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "shūrā" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 部族を超えて国家が成立すると,シャイフは国家と部族を結ぶ接点となった。たとえば,ウマイヤ朝のカリフ,ムアーウィヤ1世は,カリフの私的諮問機関として有力部族長からなるシューラーshūrāという会議を開いた。このムアーウィヤ1世のやり方自体,アラブの部族のシャイフのあり方をそのまま踏襲しているが,ともかくシューラーを通じてカリフは部族と意思疎通を図ろうとしたのである。… ※「shūrā」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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