...M I = K (ionic radius 1.52 Å) is the most common aluminum potassium alum, but its constituent units are [K(H 2 O) 6 ] + (K―OH 2 =2.94 Å), [Al(H 2 O) 6 ] 3+ (Al―OH 2 =1.98 Å), and SO 4 2-. As shown in the figure, octahedral [K(H 2 O) 6 ] + and [Al(H 2 O) 6 ] 3+ are lined up alternately and connected three-dimensionally, with tetrahedral SO 4 2- inserted into the cube they form. This is the standard structure of alum, and is called α-alum. In metals with a large ionic radius of MI , such as Cs + (ionic radius 1.84 Å), the distance between Cs-OH 2 = 3.41 Å and H 2 O increases due to the large ionic radius, and the orientation of the Al(H 2 O) 6 octahedron and the position of SO 4 2- also change. As a result, the six Os belonging to SO 4 2- are at a distance of 3.44 Å from Cs + , which is almost the same as Al + -OH 2. Coordination with only six H 2 Os is not stable, and they also coordinate with the Os of SO 4 2- , so Cs + is surrounded by 12 Os, consisting of 6H 2 O and 6 O. *Some of the terminology that mentions "alpha alum" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…MI=K(イオン半径1.52Å)は最も一般的なアルミニウムカリウムミョウバンであるが,[K(H2O)6]+(K―OH2=2.94Å),[Al(H2O)6]3+(Al―OH2=1.98Å),SO42-が構成単位であって,図に示すように八面体形の[K(H2O)6]+と[Al(H2O)6]3+とが一つおきに並んで三次元的につながり,それらのつくる立方体の中に四面体のSO42-が入り込んだものである。これがミョウバンの構造の標準的なもので,αミョウバンと呼んでいる。MIのイオン半径の大きい金属,たとえばCs+(イオン半径1.84Å)では,その大きなイオン半径のためにCs―OH2=3.41ÅとH2Oとの距離が広がり,Al(H2O)6の八面体の向きやSO42-の位置も変化する結果,SO42-に属する6個のOがCs+と3.44Åの距離となって,ほぼAl+―OH2と等しくなり,6個のH2Oだけの配位では安定せず,SO42-のOにも配位して,Cs+は6H2Oと6Oによる12個のOに囲まれた形となる。… ※「αミョウバン」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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