Anomie theory

Japanese: アノミー理論 - あのみーりろん
Anomie theory


[Sociological factors of crime]
The position that emphasizes the social factors of crime is seen in Ferri, who followed Lombroso and wrote Sociology of Crime (1884) and advocated the ``law of crime saturation,'' A. Lacassagne of the French School of Ecology, Tarde who proposed the ``law of imitation,'' and Durkheim, who believed that society's punishment of certain acts as crimes is a necessary condition for social development and that a certain rate of crime is a normal and inevitable phenomenon for society, and sought the cause of crime in the social structure itself, but the theory of sociology of crime subsequently made a great leap in America. Theories of crime and delinquency in American sociology of crime from the 1930s to the 1950s can be broadly divided into two streams: the Chicago School theory, which focuses on the process of individuals' contact with delinquent culture and the transmission of delinquent culture, and the anomie theory, which views crime and delinquency in relation to social structure. The Chicago School developed the interrelated theories of CR Shaw and HD McKay's "cultural transmission theory" and EHSutherland's "differential association theory."

*Some of the terminology that refers to "anomy theory" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[犯罪の社会学的要因]
 犯罪の社会的要因を重視する立場は,ロンブローゾを継ぎ,《犯罪社会学》(1884)を著し,〈犯罪飽和の法則〉を主張したフェッリや,フランス環境学派のラカッサーニュA.Lacassagne,〈模倣の法則〉を提唱したタルド,社会が一定の行為を犯罪として処罰することは社会の発達の要件であり,一定率の犯罪は社会にとって正常で必然的な現象であるとして,犯罪原因を社会構造自体に求めたデュルケームなどにみられるが,犯罪社会学の理論はその後アメリカにおいて飛躍的な発展を遂げた。 アメリカ犯罪社会学の犯罪・非行理論のうち1930年代から50年代ごろまでの理論は,個人の非行文化への接触と非行文化の伝達の過程を問題とするシカゴ学派の理論と,犯罪・非行を社会構造との関係でとらえるアノミー理論の二つの流れに大別することができる。シカゴ学派からはショーC.R.ShawとマッケーH.D.McKayの〈文化伝達理論〉とサザランドE.H.Sutherlandの〈異質的接触(ディファレンシャル・アソシエーションdifferential association)の理論〉の互いに関連する理論が発展した。…

※「アノミー理論」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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