...As a result, in small populations, one of the alleles disappears, and gene fixation occurs easily, which leads to a decrease in mutations and has important evolutionary significance. This was already pointed out by AL Hagedorn et al. (1921), and was theoretically studied by RA Fisher and S. Wright. In particular, Wright clarified the role of random variation in gene frequency in evolution after 1931, and later, when its importance was recognized by many biologists, the term Wright effect came to be used as a synonym. Random drift works independently of natural selection in finite populations, but its effect becomes evident when the effect of natural selection is relatively small and the number of individuals in the population is small. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions the "Wright effect" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この結果,小さい集団では対立遺伝子の片方が消失し,遺伝子の固定が起こりやすく,これが変異の減退をもたらし,進化の上で重要な意味をもつということはすでにハーゲドールンA.L.Hagedornら(1921)によって指摘され,R.A.フィッシャー,ライトS.Wrightにより理論的に研究された。特にライトは1931年以後遺伝子頻度の機会的変動の進化における役割を明らかにし,後にその重要性が多くの生物学者に認識されるようになると,ライト効果Wright effectという言葉まで同義語として用いられるようになった。機会的浮動は有限集団であれば,自然淘汰とは独立に働くが,その効果が顕著に現れるのは自然淘汰の効果が相対的に小さく,集団の個体数が小さくなったときである。… ※「Wright effect」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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