...below them were the Little Khan, the Yabugu and other feudal lords who formed the ruling class. Tümän, chieftain of the Ashina clan living in the southwestern foot of the Altai Mountains, subjugated the Tiele tribes of Dzungaria, then defeated the Rouran in 552, took the title of Illig Khan, and unified the Mongolian horse-riding peoples. Meanwhile, his brother Istämi Khan (Silziboulos or Dizaboulos in Byzantine sources) destroyed the Hephthalites (567), seized Sogdiana and took control of Central Asia as the Western Khan, based in the Yilduz Valley in the Tianshan Mountains. During the reign of Mukan Khan, son of Tumen, he destroyed Rouran (555) and then united Tuyuhun, Khitan, and Kyrgyzstan, and developed his empire with Mount Yuchken as his base. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Tümän" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その下に小可汗(小ハガン),葉護(ヤブグ)などの諸侯がいて,支配階層を形成した。アルタイ山脈の南西麓にいた阿史那氏の族長土門(チュメンTümän)はジュンガリアの鉄勒諸部を服属させたのち,552年に柔然を倒して伊利(イルリグIllig)可汗(ブミンBumïn可汗)と称し,モンゴリアの遊牧騎馬民を統合する一方,弟の室点蜜(しつてんみつ)(イステミIstämi可汗,ビザンティン史料のシルジブロスSilziboulosまたはディザブロスDizaboulos)は,エフタルを滅ぼして(567)ソグディアナを手中にし,天山山脈中のユルドゥズ渓谷を本拠とする西面可汗として中央アジアを掌握した。土門の子,木杆(ムカン)可汗のとき柔然を滅亡させ(555),ついで吐谷渾(とよくこん),契丹,キルギスを併せ,ユチュケン山を本拠として発展をとげた。… ※「Tümän」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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