Magnetism

Japanese: magnetism

…Magnets attract so-called ferromagnetic materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, and magnetism is the source of this phenomenon. In a broader sense, it is often used to refer to these phenomena themselves, and since ferromagnetic materials that come close to a magnet also become magnets temporarily, it can also be said that this is a phenomenon in which magnets exert forces on each other. It is said that the phenomenon of magnets attracting objects was first discovered long ago on the Mediterranean island of Crete, when a shepherd found a rock that attracted a piece of iron attached to the end of his walking stick. …

From [Magnetics]

...magnetic properties of a substance. An example is the properties that a substance exhibits when it is brought close to a magnet. A substance that exhibits a remarkable property at this time is a substance that has a magnetic property called ferromagnetism (ferromagnetic substance), which has a magnetic pole of its own and acts as a magnet, exerting a force on each other. Although it does not show the remarkable effect of ferromagnetism, a property that produces weak magnetization in the opposite direction to the force (magnetic field) exerted by a magnet is called diamagnetism, and a property that produces magnetization parallel to the direction of the magnetic field is called paramagnetism, and substances that have such magnetism are called diamagnetic substances and paramagnetic substances, respectively....

*Some terminology explanations that mention "magnetism" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…磁石は鉄，コバルト，ニッケルなどのいわゆる強磁性体を引きつけるが，このような現象の根源となるものを磁気という。また広くはこれらの現象そのものをいう場合も多く，磁石に近づいた強磁性体も一時的に磁石になるから，これは磁石と磁石とが力を及ぼし合う現象であるということもできる。　このような磁石がものを引きつける現象は，昔，地中海のクレタ島で羊飼がつえの先につけた鉄片を引きつける岩石を見いだしたのが最初といわれている。…

【磁性】より

…物質の磁気的性質。磁石に近づけたとき，物質が示す性質はその例である。このとき著しい性質を示すのは強磁性と呼ばれる磁性を有する物質(強磁性体)で，自身も磁極をもち，磁石となって互いに力を及ぼす。強磁性のような著しい効果は示さないが，磁石が及ぼす力(磁場)の方向に対して逆の方向に弱い磁化を生ずる性質を反磁性，磁場の方向に平行な磁化を生ずる性質を常磁性といい，そのような磁性をもつ物質をそれぞれ反磁性体，常磁性体と呼ぶ。…

※「magnetism」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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