metonymy

...For example, in the expression "The Shogunate's dogs are sniffing the town," the noun "dog" and the verb "sniff" are metaphors. (3) Metonymy: A form of expression in which a thing is expressed not by its name, but by the name of something that is in a realistic adjacent relationship with it. For example, a judo player with a black belt is called a "black belt" (the relationship between the main body and a characteristic accessory part), and drinking sake is called "drawing a sake cup" (the relationship between the content and the container).

*Some terminology explanations that mention "metonymy" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…たとえば〈幕府の犬が町を嗅ぎまわっている〉という表現において名詞〈犬〉と動詞〈嗅ぐ〉は隠喩である。(3)換喩metonymy(メトニミー)　あるものごとを言いあらわすのに，その名称をもちいず，それと現実的な隣接関係にあるものごとの名称をもちいて表現する形式。たとえば，柔道の有段者を〈黒帯〉と呼び(本体と特徴的な付属部分の関係)，酒を飲むことを〈盃をくむ〉と言う(内容と容器の関係)ように。…

※「metonymy」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報