Kaiga (English spelling) jie-hua

Japanese: 界画 - かいが（英語表記）jie-hua

One of the techniques of Oriental painting. Since the Tang dynasty, there has been a style of woodblock painting closely related to architectural drawings, which continued into the Northern Song dynasty, but during the same period, boundary painting developed as a new painting technique. A boundary is a ruler (boundary scale), which is used to draw thin lines and precisely depict even the fine details of a building. Because it is a technique that requires the skill of a craftsman, it is considered less valuable than landscape painting in Oriental painting, which places importance on atmosphere. Palaces and palaces created using the boundary painting technique are usually placed within landscapes, and the boundary paintings of Guo Zhongshu of the Song dynasty and Wang Zhenpeng of the Yuan dynasty belong to this category.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

東洋画の技法の一つ。唐時代から建築の図面と密接する屋木画があり，北宋に及んだが，同時代に界画が新たに絵画技法として発達。界とは定規 (界尺) のことで，これを用いて細線を引き建物の細部までも精密に描く。職人的熟練を要する技法であったから，気韻を重んじる東洋画では山水画などよりその価値は低くみられた。界画手法による殿閣は山水景観のなかにおかれるのが常で，宋の郭忠恕 (かくちゅうじょ) ，元の王振鵬らの界画はこれに属する。

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