Philosophia

Japanese: philosophia
Philosophia

...In esoteric Buddhism, the method of searching for the truth is divided into two: the wisdom to recognize the truth and the expedient means to save all living beings, and the Buddha is said to have both. In the Western tradition, philosophy (originally meaning "love of wisdom") was born in ancient Greece as the wisdom to accurately discern things rationally and then develop them logically through inner contemplation. Separately from this, in the so-called Judeo-Christian tradition, practical and ethical wisdom has long been emphasized. ...

From [Philosophy]

…The word “tetsugaku” (philosophy) was created by Nishi Amane in the early Meiji period as a translation of the English word “philosophy.” “Philosophy” comes from the Greek word “philosophia” and means “loving wisdom (sophia) (philein).” Nishi Amane translated it as “xi tetsugaku” (the study of seeking philosophical wisdom, i.e. clear wisdom), following Zhou Lianxi’s “shi xi xiang (the scholar desires wisdom)” (Tongshu Zhixue), meaning to love and desire the clear wisdom of the wise philosopher, and later defined it as “tetsugaku” (1874, Hyakuichi Shinron). …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "philosophia" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…なお,密教では真実を探究する方法を,真理を認識する智慧と衆生を救済する方便との二つに分け,仏陀はその両面を持つ存在であるとする。 西欧の伝統では,まず古代ギリシアにおいて,理性的でものごとを正確に識別し,さらに内的思索によって論理的に発展させる知恵として哲学philosophia(原義は〈知恵を愛すること〉)が生まれた。これとは別にいわゆるユダヤ・キリスト教の伝統の中では,古くから実践的で倫理的な知恵が強調されていた。…

【哲学】より

…〈哲学〉という言葉は,明治初年の段階で,西周(にしあまね)によって,英語の〈フィロソフィーphilosophy〉の訳語として作られた。〈フィロソフィー〉は,ギリシア語の〈フィロソフィアphilosophia〉に由来し,〈知恵(ソフィアsophia)を愛する(フィレインphilein)〉という意味の言葉である。そこで西周は,周濂渓(れんけい)の〈士希賢(士は賢をこいねがう)〉(《通書》志学)にならい,賢哲の明智を愛し希求するとの意で,はじめ〈希哲学〉(哲智すなわち明らかな智を希求する学)と訳し,のちに〈哲学〉と定めた(《百一新論》1874)。…

※「philosophia」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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