Proto-literate Period

Japanese: Proto-literate Period（英語表記）ProtoliteratePeriod

…It appears five times in the Sumerian king list, and Gilgamesh, famous for his heroic epic poem, appears as the fifth king of the First Dynasty. The Uruk period is divided into early (XIV-IX), middle (VIII-VI), and late (V-IV) periods, and the middle and late periods are sometimes called the Proto-literate Period, which is connected to the Jamdat Nasr culture. It is distinguished from the Ubaid period because red polished pottery and gray polished pottery newly appeared in the XIV layer, and plain pottery made on a wheel became dominant, and some think that the new elements in the XIV layer are related to the arrival of the Sumerians. …

[Jamdat Nasr Culture]

… [Onoyama section]. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "Proto-literate Period" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…シュメール王名表に5回登場し，その第1王朝5代目には英雄叙事詩で有名なギルガメシュが王としてみえる。ウルク期を前(XIV～IX)，中(VIII～VI)，後(V～IV)に細分し，中･後期をジャムダット･ナスル文化期と連続させて〈原文字期Proto‐literate Period〉と呼ぶこともある。　ウバイド期と区別されるのは，XIV層に赤色磨研土器および灰色磨研土器が新しく登場し，轆轤（ろくろ）製の無文土器が優勢になるからであり，XIV層の新要素とシュメール人の到来を関連させる考え方もある。…