Glycosidase

Japanese: glycosidase
Glycosidase

… The breakdown and creation of sugar-sugar bonds in carbohydrates are both regulated by specific enzymes. The degradative enzymes are almost always hydrolases, collectively known as glycosidases. The synthetic enzymes, collectively known as glycosyltransferases, function to extend the sugar chain by transferring monosaccharide units from activated sugar nucleotides. …

From [Glycoprotein (glycoprotein)]

...In other words, the mannose chain of a completed high-mannose glycan is shortened by truncation as the starting material, and N -acetylglucosamine, galactose, sialic acid, and fucose are transferred to this to form a complex glycan.
[Catabolism of glycoproteins]
The mechanism of catabolism by enzymatic hydrolysis (glycosidase) is also complex, corresponding to the complex structure of the sugar chains of glycoproteins. The basis of enzymatic hydrolysis is that monosaccharides are cleaved one by one from the end of the sugar chain by specific glycosidases.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "glycosidase" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 炭水化物中の糖と糖の間の結合の分解および生成はいずれも特異的な酵素によってつかさどられている。分解酵素はほとんどの場合加水分解酵素であり,これらはグリコシダーゼglycosidaseと総称されている。合成酵素は糖転移酵素(グリコシルトランスフェラーゼglycosyltransferase)と総称され,糖の活性化型である糖ヌクレオチドから単糖単位を移して糖鎖をのばす働きをする。…

【糖タンパク質(糖蛋白質)】より

…すなわち,一度完成した高マンノース型糖鎖のマンノース鎖が切り縮められて短くなったものを出発材料として,ここにN‐アセチルグルコサミン,ガラクトース,シアル酸,フコースが転移して,複合型糖鎖ができあがるのである。
[糖タンパク質の異化]
 糖タンパク質の糖鎖の複雑な構造に対応して,その酵素(グリコシダーゼglycosidase)的加水分解による異化の機構も複雑なものとなる。糖鎖の末端から,1個ずつ単糖が特異的な糖加水分解酵素によって切断されていくのが酵素的加水分解の基本である。…

※「glycosidase」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

<<:  glycosidic linkage

>>:  Glycocalyx

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