...This clown, wearing a white conical hat and long grey trousers, jumps and bounces around, and is not a leading character like Arlecchino, but a light supporting character, without a mask and with a white make-up. In France, for example, he appeared in Molière's Don Juan (1665) as a silly peasant who spoke in a rustic manner, but since the Italian actor G. Giaratoni appeared on the Paris stage in 1673 as a clown wearing a white baggy costume and a wide hat, clowns have become overwhelmingly popular and have become the main entertainment at fairs. Another white-faced and white-robed servant, Giglio, also originated from Italian comedy, but Giglio was Frenchized as Gille, and became popular in France in the 17th century as Gille the Fool. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Giaratoni, G." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…白い円錐形の帽子をかぶり,灰色の長いズボンをはいて,跳んだりはねたりするこの道化役は,アルレッキーノのような主役ではなく,軽い脇役であり,仮面をつけず,白っぽいメーキャップをするのが特徴である。フランスでは,たとえばモリエールの《ドン・ジュアン》(1665)に田舎言葉まる出しのまぬけな百姓役として登場するが,1673年,イタリア人俳優ジャラトーニG.Giaratoni(ジラトーネ)が,真っ白なダブダブの衣装に幅広の帽子をかぶったピエロとしてパリの舞台に登場して以来,ピエロは圧倒的人気を博し,定期市の娯楽の主役となった。 同じイタリア喜劇に起源をもつ白塗り,白装束の召使にジリオがあるが,ジリオがフランス語化してジルgilleとなり,17世紀に〈間抜けのジル〉役としてフランスで人気者となった。… ※「Giaratoni,G.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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