...After conquering Kamchatka at the end of the 17th century, the Russians used it as a foothold to move south, and in 1697 the Cossack leader Vladimir V. Atrasov sighted the northern Kuril islands from Kamchatka. In 1711 (Shotoku 1), Danila Ya. Antsiferov and Ivan P. Kozyrevskii led an expedition to Shumshu and Paramushir islands, and in 1739 (Genbun 4), a detachment of the Bering Expedition, Martyn P. Shpanberg and Vilem Val'ton, traveled south through the Kuril Islands and reached the coast of Sendai and Awa. From then on, advances into the Kuril Islands for the purposes of hunting, trade, and collecting fur tribute became more prominent, and in 1668 (Meiwa 5), Cossack centurion Ivan Chyornyi reached Etorofu Island to collect fur tribute, and in 1778, Siberian entrepreneur Lastochkin sent a party led by Shabalin to Nokkamapu on the Nemuro Peninsula, and then in 1779, arrived at Akkeshi, requesting trade from Matsumae Domain officials. Around this time, the shogunate also grew more interested in the north, and in 1885 (Tenmei 5) and 1886, it sent Yamaguchi Tetsugoro, Mogami Tokunai, and others to survey the Kuril Islands, and Mogami Tokunai explored as far as Urup Island and obtained information about the movements of Russians north of the island. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Chyornyi, I." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… ロシア人は,17世紀末にカムチャツカを征服した後,そこを足場にして南下を開始し,1697年コサックの首領アトラーソフVladimir V.Atrasovがカムチャツカより北千島を望見,1711年(正徳1)アンツィフェーロフDanila Ya.AntsiferovとコジレフスキーIvan P.Kozyrevskiiがシュムシュ島,パラムシル島に遠征し,39年(元文4)にはベーリング探検隊の支隊シパンベルグMartyn P.ShpanbergとウォールトンVilem Val’tonが千島列島を南下して仙台および安房沖に達した。以後狩猟,交易,毛皮貢税(ヤサク)徴収を目的に千島への進出はいっそう顕著になり,68年(明和5)コサックの百人長チョールヌイIvan Chyornyiが毛皮貢税徴収のため択捉島まで到達したのをはじめ,78年には,シベリアの企業家ラストチキンの派遣したシャバーリン一行が根室半島のノッカマプ,次いで翌79年厚岸に来航して松前藩吏に通商を求めるに至った。 幕府もこのころから北方への関心を強め,85年(天明5),86年山口鉄五郎,最上徳内らを千島調査に派遣し,最上徳内はウルップ島まで探検して同島以北のロシア人の動向について情報を得た。… ※「Chyornyi,I.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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