chirurgy

Japanese: chirurgery
chirurgy

…In Japan, the word “surgery” is used because it deals with external procedures, i.e., “external therapy,” as opposed to “internal medicine,” which diagnoses and treats the inside of the body. The word for surgery in the West (English: “surgery,” “chirurgery,” German: “chirurgie,” French: “chirurgie”) comes from the Latin word “chirurgia,” which is a combination of two Greek words, “cheiro” (hand) and “ergon” (work), and means “work of the hand,” without the meaning of “outside.” In short, surgery is defined as a branch of medicine that treats illnesses by hand or surgical manipulation. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "chirurgery" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…日本では,内部を診断・治療する内科に対し,外部に関係した処置を行う,すなわち〈外治〉という意味から外科という言葉を用いている。欧米で外科にあたる言葉(英語surgery,chirurgery,ドイツ語Chirurgie,フランス語chirurgie)はラテン語のchirurgiaに由来するが,このラテン語はcheiro(手)とergon(わざ)という二つのギリシア語の合成にもとづくもので〈手のわざ〉という意であり,これには〈外〉という意味はない。要するに外科とは手や手術的操作によって病気を処理する医学の一分野と定義される。…

※「chirurgery」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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