A Swiss organic chemist born in Moscow. He studied under A. Werner at the University of Zurich, and became a lecture assistant in 1912. In 1913, he studied organic arsenic compounds under P. Ehrlich at the Institute of Chemotherapy, and discovered silver salvarsan salt. In 1919, he succeeded Werner as professor of chemistry at the University of Zurich, and studied sugars and polysaccharides, starch, cellulose, lichenan, tannins, lecithin, and amino acids. In 1926, he switched to researching plant pigments, and worked on the structure of carotenoids. He demonstrated that carotene is a precursor of vitamin A, and in 1931 determined the structure of vitamin A. He also studied various vitamins, and in 1935 synthesized riboflavin and vitamin A at the same time as RJ Kuhn from the UK. His organic chemistry textbook published in 1928 was translated into many languages and became a standard. For these studies, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1937 together with SWN Haworth of Britain. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
モスクワ生まれのスイスの有機化学者.チューリヒ大学のA. Werner(ウェルナー)に学び,1912年講義助手となる.1913年化学療法研究所のP. Ehrlich(エールリヒ)のもとで,有機ヒ素化合物を研究,銀サルバルサン塩を発見した.1919年Wernerを継いでチューリヒ大学化学教授となり,糖類および多糖類,デンプン,セルロース,リケナン,タンニン,レシチンおよびアミノ酸を研究する.1926年からは植物色素の研究に転じ,カロテノイドの構造研究に努める.カロテンがビタミンAの前駆物質であることを示し,1931年ビタミンAの構造を決定した.また,各種ビタミン類を研究し,1935年イギリスのR.J. Kuhn(クーン)と同時にリボフラビン,ビタミンAを合成した.1928年刊行の有機化学の教科書は各国語に訳され標準的なものとなる.これらの研究によって,1937年イギリスのS.W.N. Haworth(ハース)とともにノーベル化学賞を受賞した. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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