...On the other hand, the term bachelor originally meant a knight who was a vassal of a feudal lord but did not yet have fiefs or land, or an adult serf who lived on his master's estate without owning any farmland. Universities adopted this term and began to call students of intermediate status who were not yet fully qualified as doctors or masters (teachers) but who taught some classes under the supervision of a teacher a bachelor (the Latin terms baccalarius and bachilarius were used). The use of academic degrees differed from country to country, with doctoral degrees being valued in universities in northern Italy, which had a strong tradition of law, while master's degrees were valued in France. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "bachilarius" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方,バチェラーはもともと,領主の家臣でまだ知行,封土をもたない騎士や,耕地をもたずに主人の屋敷に住む成人の農奴などを意味した。大学はこれをとり入れて,一人前のドクターやマスター(教師)になってはいないが,教師の監督下に授業の一部を担当する中間身分の学生をバチェラー(baccalarius,bachilariusなどのラテン語があてられていた)とよぶようになった。学位の用いられ方には国による差があり,法学の伝統の強い北イタリアの諸大学ではドクターの学位が重んじられる一方,フランスではマスターの学位が重視されたようである。… ※「bachilarius」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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