Forest fire - Yamakaji

Japanese: 山火事 - やまかじ

Also called forest fires. Fires in forests. They are common during the dry season from winter to spring. They are broadly divided into surface fires, crown fires, underground fires, and trunk fires, depending on the part of the forest that burns. Surface fires are caused by weeds, shrubs, and fallen leaves that cover the forest surface, and account for the majority of forest fires. Crown fires are caused by fires that spread from surface fires to the treetops, and occur mostly in coniferous forests. Trunk fires, in which the trunks of trees burn, and underground fires, in which peat burns, are rare. Most ignitions are caused by human activity, such as bonfires, careless cigarette disposal, and the spread of fires caused by starting fires. In Australia, they start spontaneous fires due to dryness, and in the Rocky Mountains of North America, they are often caused by lightning strikes. Prevention is achieved by setting up firebreaks and fire-break forests, cleaning forests, planting trees that are highly resistant to fire, and strengthening patrols and enforcement.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

森林火災とも。森林における火災。冬〜春の乾燥期に多い。燃える部位によって地表火，樹冠火，地中火，樹幹火に大別。地表火は森林の地表をおおう雑草，低木，落葉などが燃えるもので山火事の大半はこれ。樹冠火は地表火から樹冠へ延焼したもので針葉樹林に多く発生。樹木の幹の燃える樹幹火や泥炭などが燃える地中火はまれ。発火因はたき火，タバコの不始末，火入れの延焼などの人為的なものがほとんど。オーストラリアでは乾燥による自然発火，北米のロッキー山脈などでは落雷によるものも多い。防火線や防火林の設置，森林内の清掃，火災に対する抵抗性の強い樹種の造林，巡視・取締りの強化などで予防。
→関連項目火事

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