Born: March 14, 1692 in Leiden Died: September 19, 1761. A physicist from Leiden, Netherlands. He studied medicine at Leiden University, and in 1717 traveled to England to study physics. As professor at Duisburg University (1719), Utrecht University (23), and Leiden University (40), he focused on mathematics, natural science, and especially experimental physics education, and was widely known at the time for his excellent textbooks. In 1725, he invented a pyrometer that utilized the expansion of metals. In 1846, he invented the Leyden jar independently of E. Kleist of Germany. His main work, Beginselen der Naturkunde (Outline of Natural Science) (39), was the main source text for Kyuritsu, which was compiled by Mari Hoashi from 1836. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1692.3.14. ライデン [没]1761.9.19. ライデン オランダの物理学者。ライデン大学で医学を学び,1717年イギリスに渡って物理学を学んだ。デュースブルク大学教授 (1719) ,ユトレヒト大学教授 (23) ,ライデン大学教授 (40) として数学,自然学,とりわけ実験物理教育に力を入れ,そのすぐれた教科書を通じて当時広く知られた。 25年金属の膨張を利用した高温計を発明。 46年ドイツの E.クライストと独立にライデン瓶を発明。主著『自然学要綱』 Beginselen der Naturkunde (39) は,天保7 (1836) 年から帆足万里が編述した『窮理通』のおもな原書である。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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