Itojo Castle

Japanese: 怡土城 - いとじょう
Itojo Castle

The remains of a Nara period mountain castle (Yamajiro) are located on Mt. Takasu (416 meters above sea level) in Itoshima City, Fukuoka Prefecture. Construction of the castle began in 756 (Tenpyo Shoho 8) at the suggestion of Dazai no Daini Kibi no Makibi as relations between Japan and Silla deteriorated. In 759 (Tenpyo Hoji 3) under the government of Fujiwara no Nakamaro, the castle was given the role of an advance base for the invasion of Silla, and was tentatively completed in 763. Construction continued thereafter as a defensive base to prepare for the tense relationship with Silla, led by the special governor Saeki Imamishi, and was completed in 768 (Jingo Keiun 2). According to a survey carried out in 1937 (Showa 12), the castle was built taking advantage of the fan-shaped terrain that spreads out on the western slope of Mt. Takaso, and its structure allows easy visibility into the castle even in the event of an enemy attack, making it a castle with a strong offensive character. There are five remains of watchtowers on the northern ridge overlooking the Itoshima Peninsula from the summit, and an earthwork was built at the front of the slope connecting the north and south, with a castle gate and water gates installed along the way. The remains of several other buildings with foundation stones have also been confirmed. It was designated a national historic site in 1963.

[Masashi Sakayori]

"Investigation of the Yitu Castle Ruins, compiled by the Institute for Ancient Japanese Culture" (included in Report of the Institute for Ancient Japanese Culture 6, 1974, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

福岡県糸島(いとしま)市高祖(たかす)山(標高416メートル)にある奈良時代の山城(やまじろ)遺跡。日本と新羅(しらぎ)の関係悪化に伴い、756年(天平勝宝8)大宰大弍(だざいのだいに)吉備真備(きびのまきび)の建議により築城を開始。759年(天平宝字3)藤原仲麻呂(なかまろ)政権下で立案された新羅征討計画において、新羅侵攻の前進基地の役割を与えられ、763年にいちおうの完成をみた。その後も新羅との緊張関係に備える防衛拠点として専知官佐伯今毛人(さえきのいまえみし)を中心に工事が継続され、768年(神護景雲2)に完成した。1937年(昭和12)に行われた調査によると、城は高祖山の西斜面に広がる扇形の地形を利用して築城されており、敵襲を受けても容易に城内を見通せる構造であることから攻撃的性格の強い城といわれている。山頂から糸島半島を望む北側稜線(りょうせん)には5か所の望楼跡、また南北を結ぶ斜面前方には土塁が築かれ、その途中には城門、水門などが設置されている。そのほか数棟の礎石建物跡も確認されている。38年国の史跡に指定された。

[酒寄雅志]

『日本古代文化研究所編「怡土城阯の調査」(『日本古代文化研究所報告 6』所収・1974・吉川弘文館)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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