It is more of a common noun than an engineering term, and literally means to explore a target phenomenon using scientific methods. Traditionally, prospecting was used to search for useful underground resources such as oil and natural gas, metal deposits, and coal seams, but due to the diversification of the targets of search, the term exploration has come to be used in general to include prospecting. However, as the meaning of the term has expanded, it has become unclear, so prefixes are added to narrow it down. The method or method used for exploration is often listed alongside the location and target to which the exploration is applied. Methods include physical exploration and chemical exploration (geochemical exploration), and the locations to which it is applied include the surface, underground, air, and ocean. Targets include oil and natural gas, coal, metal deposits, geothermal energy, groundwater, and fault zones. Of course, prospecting is often used when exploring mineral deposits. The targets of exploration have also been expanded to include not only the earth, but also phenomena in space. [Eizaburo Yoshizumi and Yuzuru Ashida] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
工学的用語というよりも普通名詞の語感が強く、科学的方法により対象現象を、文字どおり探りを入れて調べることである。従来、有用な地下資源である石油・天然ガス、金属鉱床、石炭層などの地質構造を探すことを探鉱と表現していたが、探す対象の多様化により、最近では探鉱を含めて探査が一般的に用いられている。しかし、語義の内容が拡張されたために不明確になるので、接頭語をつけて内容を限定している。探査に用いる方法や方式と、探査を適用する場所と対象を並記することが多い。方法には物理探査、化学探査(地化学探査)などがあり、適用する場所には地表、地中、空中、海洋などがある。対象には石油・天然ガス、石炭、金属鉱床、地熱、地下水、断層破砕帯などがある。もちろん、鉱床の探査では探鉱という場合も多い。また探査の対象は地球のみでなく、宇宙の現象にも拡張されて用いられるようになった。 [吉住永三郎・芦田 讓] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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