It is a synthetic rubber with a structure containing sulfur in the main chain, represented by the general formula -(R-Sx)-n (R: hydrocarbon group, etc., x: 2-4). Its abbreviation according to the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard is T. Historically one of the oldest rubbers, it was industrialized in the United States in 1929 under the trade name Thiokol. A representative example is synthesized by polycondensation of bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane and sodium polysulfide, and polysulfide rubber ranging from liquid to solid depending on the degree of condensation is produced. Rubber crosslinked with zinc oxide or organic peroxide-metal oxide has excellent oil resistance and weather resistance. Liquid rubber can be vulcanized at room temperature, so it is used as a sealant for aircraft, ships, and vehicles, and a caulking material for civil engineering and construction, as well as an epoxy resin modifier, gasket, and printing roll. Solid rubber is used to improve the impact resistance of resins and the oil resistance of natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber. [Kazuyoshi Fukuda] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般式-(R-Sx)-n(R:炭化水素基など、x:2~4)で表され、硫黄(いおう)を主鎖に含む構造をもった合成ゴムである。ASTM(アメリカ材料試験協会)の規格による略称はT。歴史的にもっとも古いゴムの一つで、1929年、アメリカでチオコールの商品名で工業化された。代表例はビス(2-クロロエトキシ)メタンと多硫化ナトリウムの重縮合によって合成され、縮合度によって液状から固体状に至る多硫化ゴムができる。酸化亜鉛や有機過酸化物‐金属酸化物によって架橋されたゴムは、耐油性と耐候性が優れている。液状ゴムは室温加硫ができるので航空機、船舶、車両などのシーリング材や土木建築のコーキング材として使われるほか、エポキシ樹脂改質材、ガスケットや印刷ロール用などの用途がある。固体ゴムは樹脂の耐衝撃性改善、天然ゴムやスチレン・ブタジエンゴムの耐油性改善などに用いられる。 [福田和吉] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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