In the Islamic world, a religious order was created by mystics called Sufis. The original meaning of the Arabic word tariqa was "path." Sufis who sought union with God had to undergo mystical training, and the original meaning of tariqa was the path of such training. This original meaning gradually shifted to mean a religious order created by Sufis. The establishment of tariqa in this latter sense is thought to have begun around the 12th and 13th centuries, beginning with the Qadiri order founded by Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani, and many tariqas subsequently spread throughout the Islamic world. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
イスラム世界において,スーフィーと呼ばれる神秘家たちのつくった教団。タリーカのアラビア語の元来の意味は〈道〉のことであった。神との合一を求めるスーフィーたちは神秘的修行を積まねばならず,そのような修行の道程が元来のタリーカの意味であった。この元来の意味がスーフィーたちのつくる教団の意味に転じていった。この後者の意味でのタリーカの成立期は12~13世紀のころと考えられており,アブド・アルカーディル・アルジーラーニーを創立者とするカーディリー教団を最初として,以後,多くのタリーカがイスラム世界の全域に広がっていった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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