Tairov, Aleksandr Yakovlevich

Japanese: タイーロフ（英語表記）Tairov， Aleksandr Yakovlevich

Born: June 24, 1885 in Rivno
Died: September 25, 1950. Moscow Soviet director. Not satisfied with the realism of the Moscow Art Theatre and K. Stanislavski, he founded the Kamelny Theatre with his wife, actress A. Konen, in 1914. He tried new directing methods that appealed to the emotions of the audience by incorporating music, dance, pantomime, acrobatics, etc. In other words, he rejected traditional decorative stage sets, emphasized the physicality of the actors, and aimed to create a full-scale play that made use of the effects of lighting and music. His theory is known as theatricalism, but was also criticized as formalism. His representative directing works include V. Vishnevsky's Optimistic Tragedy (1933) and Madame Bovary (40). His main works include Proklamatsii Khudozhnika (17) (The Artist's Manifesto) and Zapiski Rezhissëra (21) (Notes on a Director).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1885.6.24. ロブノ
[没]1950.9.25. モスクワ
ソ連の演出家。モスクワ芸術座と K.スタニスラフスキーのリアリズムにあきたらず，1914年女優である妻 A.コーネンとともにカーメルヌイ劇場を設立。音楽，踊り，パントマイム，アクロバットなどを取入れて，観客の情感に訴える新しい演出を試みた。すなわち，伝統的な装飾的舞台装置を排し，俳優の身体性を重視するとともに，照明や音楽の効果を生かした，全体演劇の創造を目指した。その理論はシアトリカリズムとして知られるが，形式主義との批判もあった。代表的演出は，V.ビシネフスキーの『楽天的悲劇』 (1933) ，『ボバリー夫人』 (40) など。主著は『芸術家の宣言』 Proklamatsii Khudozhnika (17) ，『演出家の覚え書』 Zapiski Rezhissëra (21) 。

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