A method of carrying out certain business activities by combining funds from the national or local government with funds from private companies. The name "third sector" was born because it started as an initiative to introduce funds from private companies (private sector) into business activities (public sector) that should have been carried out by the national or local government. As a corporate form, it is a public-private mixed enterprise. It has been widely used in regional development and urban development projects since the 1960s. An early representative example is Osaka Prefectural Urban Development Co., Ltd., which was established with investments from Osaka Prefecture, Kansai Electric Power Co., Osaka Gas Co., and the three banks of Sumitomo, Sanwa, and Daiwa to build a commuter rail line to Senboku New Town in the southern part of Osaka Prefecture and manage the Higashiosaka Distribution Center. Other examples using this method include the Tomakomai Eastern Development Company, the Mutsu Ogawara Development Company, the Kashima Urban Development Company, and the former JNR and JR's loss-making local lines to carry out the New Comprehensive National Development Plan. The Sanriku Railway Company is a representative example. However, many of the third sector organizations are currently in financial difficulties and struggling to find a way out of them. [Mitsuo Morimoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
国もしくは地方公共団体の資金と民間企業の資金をあわせて、一定の事業を行う方式。本来、国もしくは地方公共団体がやるべき事業(公共セクター)に民間企業の資金(民間セクター)を導入することに始まったため、第三セクターの名が生まれた。企業形態としては、公私混合企業になる。地域開発や都市づくりの事業に昭和40年代から多用されるようになった。初期の代表例は、大阪府南部の泉北ニュータウンへの通勤鉄道の建設、東大阪流通センターなどを経営するため、大阪府、関西電力、大阪瓦斯(ガス)、住友・三和・大和(だいわ)の三銀行の出資によって設立された大阪府都市開発株式会社である。新全総(新全国総合開発計画)を遂行するための苫小牧(とまこまい)東部開発会社、むつ小川原開発会社、鹿島(かしま)都市開発会社、旧国鉄・JRの赤字ローカル線をこの方式で経営するものが現れている。三陸鉄道会社はその代表例である。しかしながら、第三セクターの多くは経営難に陥っており、その打開に苦慮しているのが現状である。 [森本三男] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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