In legal terms, not knowing a certain situation is called being in good faith, and knowing it is called being in bad faith. There is no element of good or bad in the ethical sense. It is a general principle in private law that those in good faith are protected and their liability is reduced. For example, (1) a false manifestation of intention made by A and B in collusion is invalid, but this invalidity cannot be asserted against C, a "third party acting in good faith" (a third party who does not know that the transaction between A and B is a false representation) (Civil Code Article 94. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
法律用語としては,ある事情を知らないことを善意,知っていることを悪意という。倫理的な意味での善悪という要素は含まれていない。善意者は保護され,その責任を軽減されるのが私法上の一般原則である。たとえば,(1)AとBとが通謀してなした虚偽の意思表示は無効であるが,その無効はこれをもって〈善意ノ第三者〉(A・B間の取引が虚偽表示であることを知らない第三者)Cに対抗することができないとされる場合(民法94条。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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