Western Medicine Institute

Japanese: 西洋医学所 - せいよういがくしょ

A medical school where the Edo Shogunate introduced and taught Western medicine. On May 7, 1858 (Ansei 5), with the Shogunate's permission, Ito Genpaku, Otsuki Shunsai and over 80 other Edo doctors of Western medicine cooperated to open a vaccination center at Otamagaike, where they provided medical treatment in addition to vaccinations. However, it was destroyed by fire in November of the same year, and the following year it was moved to Izumibashi in Shitaya. In Man'en 1 (60), the Shogunate took possession of it and made it a direct official institution, naming it the Vaccination Center and appointing Otsuki as its head. The following year it was renamed the Western Medicine Institute and divided into three departments: teaching, anatomy, and vaccination. In Bunkyu 2 (62), Ito and Hayashi Dokai were ordered to supervise, and Takeuchi Gendo then took over from Ito. In the same year, Otsuki died, and Ogata Koan was invited from Osaka to become the head of the Western Medicine Institute. In 1860, the Western characters were removed and the school was called simply "Igakusho" (Medical School). After Ogata's death, Matsumoto Ryojun became president and revised the school system, establishing seven medical departments: physiology, anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, internal medicine, and surgery. In 1868, the school came under the jurisdiction of the new government, and the following year it was renamed Daigaku Toko (Eastern University). After many changes, in 1878 it was merged with Kaiseisho (the successor to the Bansho Shirabesho) to become the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Tokyo.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

江戸幕府が西洋医学を導入して教授させた医学校。安政5 (1858) 年5月7日，幕府の許可により伊東玄朴，大槻俊斎など江戸の蘭方医八十余名が協力してお玉ヶ池に種痘所を開き，種痘のほか，診療にもあたった。しかし，同年 11月に火災で焼失し，翌年，下谷和泉橋に移転。万延1 (60) 年幕府はこれを収めて直轄の官学とし，種痘所と名づけ，大槻を長とした。翌年西洋医学所と改称し，教授，解剖，種痘の3科に分け，文久2 (62) 年伊東と林洞海に取締りを命じ，次いで竹内玄同が伊東に代った。この年，大槻が死亡し，大坂から緒方洪庵を招いて，西洋医学所頭取とした。同3年西洋の文字を除いて単に医学所と称し，緒方の死後は，松本良順が頭取となり，学制を改め，理化学，解剖学，生理学，病理学，薬剤学，内科，外科の医学7科を定めた。明治1 (68) 年，新政府の所轄となり，翌年，大学東校と改称。幾多の変遷を経て 1878年，蕃書調所の後身，開成所と合体，東京大学医学部となった。

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