Hydrocracking - Swiss Chemical Industry

Japanese: 水素化分解 - スイソカブンカイ
Hydrocracking - Swiss Chemical Industry

In a broad sense, it refers to a reaction in which the decomposition and hydrogenation of organic compounds occur simultaneously; hydrodesulfurization of heavy oil is an application of hydrocracking reactions. In a narrow sense, it refers to the process of cracking heavy residual oil in the presence of pressurized hydrogen and a catalyst to produce gasoline and other light fuel oils. This process simultaneously catalytically cracks and hydrogenates heavy hydrocarbons, producing saturated gasoline with a high isoparaffin content. This hydrocracked gasoline has the characteristics of a high octane number and low sensitivity, and is produced in large quantities in the United States in particular. This process is also used to produce high-quality kerosene and diesel from heavy residual oil, and to produce liquefied petroleum gas from naphtha. Catalysts used include nickel sulfide supported on alumina, silica-alumina, or zeolite, tungsten sulfide (for heavy oil), or platinum (for naphtha). Representative industrial processes include the Unicracking process of the American company UOP and the H-OIL process of the American company HRI (later a subsidiary of the French company IFP).

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

広義には,有機化合物の分解と水素化が同時に起こる反応をいい,重油の水素化脱硫なども,水素化分解反応を応用したものである.狭義には,石油の重質残油を加圧水素と触媒の存在下にクラッキングし,ガソリン,その他の軽質燃料油を製造する操作をいう.この操作により,重質炭化水素の接触分解と水素化が同時に起こり,イソパラフィン成分の多い飽和性ガソリンを生成する.この水素化分解ガソリンは,オクタン価が高く,センシティビティーが小さい特長をもち,とくにアメリカではその生産が多い.この操作は,また重質残油から良質の灯油,軽油の製造,ナフサから液化石油ガスの製造などにも応用される.触媒としては,アルミナ,シリカ-アルミナ,ゼオライトに担持した硫化ニッケル,硫化タングステン(重質油用)または白金(ナフサ用)などが用いられる.代表的工業プロセスとしては,アメリカのUOP社のユニクラッキング法やアメリカのHRI社(のちにフランスのIFP社の子会社)のH-OIL法などがある.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

<<:  Hydrogen storage metals

>>:  Hydrides - Swiss rhododendron

Recommend

Wa tribe - Wazok (English spelling)

They live from the area east of the Salween River...

The elegant way of living longevity - Ennen no Furyu

… [Elegance and Conflict] Furyu originally meant ...

Parliamentary Democracy

A political system in which the parliament, which ...

Kotonami [town] - Kotonami

A former town in Nakatado District, located in the...

Rennes (English spelling)

It is the capital of the Ille-et-Vilaine departme...

Yellow Robe - Koue

〘Noun〙 ("e" is the Go-on pronunciation o...

《Modern Shuten-doji》

...Kinpira Joruri, a famous old Joruri, features ...

Antigonos III

? - 222 BCE King of Macedonia. Reigned 229-222 BC....

Surugadai

This area is located at the northern end of Chiyo...

Exospheric satellite

...An artificial satellite for the purpose of obs...

Doja Rebellion - Doja no Ran

The Peasants' War broke out in Hungary in 1514...

Grimm's Law

The German linguist and narrator Jacob Grimm esta...

Iron sulfate

Iron sulfate. Three types are known: (1) Iron(II)...

alchemist

…In Arabic, chēmeia becomes al-kīmiyā' (al is...

Tanja (English spelling)

...Population: 307,000 (1993). In Arabic, it is c...