A scholar from the Southern Song Dynasty of China. Born in Pucheng (Pucheng County, Fujian Province). His pen name was Jingyuan, later changed to Jingxi, and he was known as Professor Xishan. His posthumous name was Wenzhong. In 1199 (5th year of the Qingyuan era), he passed the Jinshi examination. During the reign of Lizong (1224-1264), he was appointed prefect of Quanzhou and Fuzhou, and then promoted from Hanlin scholar to assistant prefect. Han Lichu suppressed Zhu Xi's (Zhu Xi) scholarship as a false scholarship, but he devoted himself to reviving it and encouraged the study of Zhou Dunyi, Hu Anguo, Zhu Xi, and Zhang Shu. The dualism of Li and Qi, which holds that there is no Qi without Li, and no Li without Qi, is the best embodiment of Zhu Xi's tradition. In 1234 (Duanping 1), he presented the 43 volumes of the Great Learning and Engi (Daigaku Engi), which was revered as a must-read book for future emperors. His works include the 55 volumes of the Nishiyama Sensei Collection and the 61 volumes of the Nishiyama Reading Journal. [Osamu Komoguchi February 17, 2016] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国、南宋(なんそう)の学者。浦城(ほじょう)(福建省浦城県)の人。字(あざな)は景元、のち景希と改め、西山先生と称される。諡(おくりな)は文忠。1199年(慶元5)進士に及第。理宗(在位1224〜1264)のとき、知泉州、知福州を経て、翰林(かんりん)学士から参知政事へと累進する。韓侂冑(かんたくちゅう)によって朱子(朱熹(しゅき))の学問が偽学であるとして弾圧されるが、その再興に力を注ぎ、周敦頤(しゅうとんい)、胡安国(こあんこく)、朱子、張栻(ちょうしょく)の学問による勉学を奨励した。天下には理のない気、気のない理は存在しないとする理気二元論は、朱子の伝統をもっともよく継承したものである。1234年(端平1)、のちの帝王の必読の書として尊崇された『大学衍義(だいがくえんぎ)』43巻を上進した。著書に『西山先生文集』55巻、『西山読書記』61巻などがある。 [菰口 治 2016年2月17日] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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