Speciation

Japanese: 種分化 - しゅぶんか（英語表記）speciation

New species arise from the divergence of ancestral species (reproductive isolation) or from changes over time in a single species lineage, but usually only the former is called speciation. The diversity of life on Earth today cannot be explained without speciation. Clarifying the process and mechanism of speciation is one of the central issues in evolutionary science. Mayr's "founder principle" states that small populations at the periphery of a species' distribution are geographically isolated from the main population of the species (the relationship between the main population and the peripheral population in such cases is called allopatric).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

新しい種は祖先種の分岐(生殖的隔離)および単一の種系列の時間的変化によって生ずるが，通常は前者のみを種分化という。現在地球上にみられる生物の多様性は種分化なしには説明できない。種分化の過程と機構の解明は進化学の中心的課題の一つである。マイヤーE.Mayrの〈創設者の原理founder principle〉は，分布の縁辺部で小さな集団が地理的に種の主要な集団から隔離され(このような場合の主要な集団と縁辺の集団の関係を異所的という。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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