American film director and actor. Born September 22nd in Vienna, Austria. His background is unclear, but it is believed that his real name was Erich Oswald Stroheim and that his father was a Jewish hat manufacturer. He moved to the United States by at least 1909, and entered Hollywood in 1914, appearing in a film by the great director Griffith. In 1919, he released his first film, A Wind in the Alps. His subtle psychological portrayal of a love triangle brought unprecedented realism to Hollywood films, and was a success both critically and commercially. He followed it with The Devil's Key (1920) and The Foolish Wife (1922), the latter of which was a perfect display of his talent, and his naturalistic portrayal in this film reached its apex in the major work Greed (1924). However, his insatiable perfectionism, unreasonably long and over-budget films, and his raunchy human observation that rejected sentimentality did not fit with Hollywood's production trends, and only shortened versions of "Greed" and "The Wedding March" (1927) were released to the public. His other films include "Merry-Go-Round" (1923, co-director), "The Merry Widow" (1925), and his appearances include "The Grand Illusion" (1937) and "Sunset Boulevard" (1950). He died on May 12, 1957 in Maurepas, France. [Kenji Iwamoto] Documents List of Director's Works Blind Husbands (1919) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの映画監督、俳優。9月22日オーストリアのウィーンに生まれる。経歴は定かでないが、本名はエーリヒ・オズワルド・シュトロハイム、父親はユダヤ人の帽子製造業者というのが真相らしい。遅くとも1909年までには渡米しており、1914年ハリウッド入りをして大監督グリフィスの映画に出演。1919年には監督第一作『アルプス颪(おろし)』を発表した。三角関係の微妙な心理描写はハリウッド映画にかつてないリアリティをもたらし、批評、興行両面での成功を収めた。続いて『悪魔の合鍵(あいかぎ)』(1920)、『愚かなる妻』(1922)を発表、とくに後者は彼の才能が十分に発揮されており、この映画における自然主義描写は大作『グリード』(1924)で頂点に達した。しかし、飽くことなき完璧(かんぺき)主義、常識を超える長尺化と予算超過、感傷を拒否した露悪的人間観察はハリウッドの製作傾向とあわず、『グリード』も『結婚行進曲』(1927)も短縮版のみが一般公開された。ほかに『メリー・ゴー・ラウンド』(1923。共同監督)、『メリー・ウイドー』(1925)、出演作に『大いなる幻影』(1937)、『サンセット大通り』(1950)など。1957年5月12日フランスのモールパで没す。 [岩本憲児] 資料 監督作品一覧アルプス颪 Blind Husbands(1919) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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