Sesamoid bones are small oval bones embedded in a particular tendon or in the joint capsule that is attached to the tendon, and may be made up mostly of fibrous cartilage. The number of sesamoid bones is significantly greater in fetuses than in adults. Sesamoid bones develop to resist the friction of the tendons moving over the surface of the bone. Normal sesamoid bones in the upper limbs occur only on the palmar surface of the hand. Two sesamoid bones are always present, one on each side of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb (between the proximal phalangeal bone and the first metacarpal bone). Others are found between the proximal and distal phalangeal bones of the thumb and at the distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger. The largest sesamoid bone in the lower limbs is the patella. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. In the foot, they may be found at the metatarsophalangeal joint of the thumb and in the same position on other fingers. They may also be found in tendons away from the joint. [Kazuyo Shimai] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
特定の腱(けん)の中や腱と癒着している関節包の中に包埋された卵円形の小骨片をいい、その大部分が線維性軟骨からできている場合もある。胎児では、成人と比較すると種子骨の数がかなり多いという。種子骨は、骨の表面を移動する腱の摩擦に抵抗して発生したものである。 上肢における正常な種子骨は手掌面にだけ出現する。母指の中手指節関節(基節骨と第1中手骨との間)の両側の2個の種子骨はつねに存在し、エンドウ豆大の小骨である。そのほか、母指の基節骨と末節骨との間や示指(人差し指)の遠位(手先側)指節間関節にもみられる。下肢で最大の種子骨は膝蓋(しつがい)骨である。これは体のなかでも最大の種子骨である。足では、母指の中足指節関節や他の指の同じ部位に認められることもある。また、関節から離れた部位で、腱内に存在する場合もある。 [嶋井和世] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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