Shimizu Pass

Japanese: 清水峠 - しみずとうげ
Shimizu Pass

It is one of the passes that cross the Mikuni Mountain Range on the border between Gunma and Niigata prefectures. It is 1,448 meters above sea level, north-northeast of Mt. Tanigawadake. It is contrasted with Mikuni Pass to the southwest. In the late Middle Ages, it was called Sugugoe Pass as a passage between Joetsu and the Tohoku region, but because the terrain is rugged and it is about 200 meters higher than Mikuni Pass, it was practically abandoned during the Edo period. In 1885 (Meiji 18), a 5-meter-wide national highway was built that crosses the pass via Numata and Yubiso in Gunma prefecture and reaches Muikamachi (now Minamiuonuma city) in Niigata prefecture, shortening the distance by about 10% (about 20 kilometers) compared to crossing Mikuni Pass. It was later used as a shortcut between Niigata and Tokyo, but with the completion of the Shinetsu Main Line in 1893 and the Joetsu Line of the Japanese National Railways (now JR) in 1931 (Showa 6), the number of people using the pass dropped dramatically.

[Murakami Sadao]

[References] | Mt. Tanigawa | Mikuni Mountains | Mikuni Pass

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

群馬・新潟両県の県境にあって三国山脈(みくにさんみゃく)を横断する峠の一つ。谷川岳(たにがわだけ)の北北東で標高1448メートル。南西の三国峠と対比される。上越間の通路として中世末期には直越峠(すぐごえのとうげ)といわれたが、地形が険阻で三国峠より約200メートル高いので、江戸時代には廃道同然となった。そこで1885年(明治18)群馬県の沼田(ぬまた)、湯檜曽(ゆびそ)を経て峠を越え、新潟県の六日町(むいかまち)(現、南魚沼(みなみうおぬま)市)に至る幅5メートルの国道が設けられ、三国峠越えよりも距離を約10%(約20キロメートル)短縮した。のち新潟―東京間の近道として利用されたが、1893年信越本線、1931年(昭和6)国鉄(現、JR)上越線の全通で、峠を利用する人は激減した。

[村木定雄]

[参照項目] | 谷川岳 | 三国山脈 | 三国峠

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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