Cost of capital

Japanese: 資本コスト - しほんこすと(英語表記)cost of capital
Cost of capital

The value sacrifice a company incurs for capital employed. The capital cost of equity capital is dividends, while that of debt capital is interest paid. When employed capital is composed of both types of capital, the total capital cost differs depending on the capital structure. It is calculated using the following formula:

Total cost of capital = cost of equity capital + cost of borrowed capital = dividend rate x equity ratio + interest rate x debtor capital ratio If we assume that the dividend rate is 10% and the interest rate is 8%, and compare the total cost of capital when the equity ratio is 50% (state A) and 20% (state B), it is 9.0% in state A and 8.4% in state B. Numerically, it may seem advantageous to have more debt, but in times of recession or low growth, dividend rates fall, so the opposite is true. The cost of capital applies not only to capital currently in use, but also to capital to be used in the future. This is why the cost of capital is used when making investment decisions.

[Mitsuo Morimoto]

[Reference items] | Capital structure | Investment decision

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

企業が使用資本のために負担する価値犠牲。自己資本の資本コストは配当であり、他人資本(負債)のそれは支払利子である。使用資本がこれら両種の資本によって構成されている場合には、資本構成に応じて総資本コストは異なってくる。それは次の式で算出される。

 総資本コスト=自己資本コスト+他人資本コスト
       =配当率×自己資本比率+利子率×他人資本比率
 いま配当率10%、利子率8%とし、自己資本比率が50%(A状態)と20%(B状態)の場合について総資本コストを比べると、A状態では9.0%、B状態では8.4%となる。数字上は負債の多いほうが有利にみえるが、不況期ないし低成長期には配当率が下がるから、逆の結果になる。資本コストは、現在使用中の資本についてのみならず、将来使用する資本についても問題となる。投資決定に際し、資本コストが用いられるのはその理由による。

[森本三男]

[参照項目] | 資本構成 | 投資決定

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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