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This is an introductory textbook that was widely used from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Meiji period. The author is unknown. It is believed to have been written around the end of the Heian period. It is written in the form of five-line couplets in the style of Chinese poetry, making it easy for young children to read aloud. It places the essence and value of human beings in "knowledge," emphasizes its infinite value, and strongly advocates that in order to acquire "knowledge," children need to read diligently and practice morality from an early age. It was quite popular in the Middle Ages, but in the early modern period it was published in a combined form with "Doujikyo" and other works, and was widely circulated as a moral textbook for terakoya schools and other schools. It also spawned similar works such as "Shinjitsugokyo," which had a great influence on moral education and textbook compilation in later generations.

[Tone Keizaburo]

"Japanese Textbook Series 5: Lessons" by Ken Ishikawa and Shotaro Ishikawa (1969, Kodansha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安末期から明治初期まで広く用いられた初歩教科書。作者は未詳。平安末期ごろの作と推定されている。幼童にも朗読しやすいよう漢詩流の五言対句の体裁をとる。人間の本質なり価値を「知」に置き、その無限的価値を強調し、「知」の体得のためには幼童からの読書勉励と、道徳的実践とが必要であることを力説している。中世にもかなり普及していたが、近世に入り『童子教』などと合体の形で出版され、寺子屋などの道徳教科書として広く流布した。また『新実語教』などの類書も輩出し、後世の道徳教育や教科書編纂(へんさん)に多大の影響を与えた。

［利根啓三郎］

『石川謙・石川松太郎著『日本教科書大系5　教訓』（1969・講談社）』

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