Princess Shikishi - Princess Shikishi

Japanese: 式子内親王 - しきしないしんのう

Year of death: 1st January 1201 (1st March 1201)
Year of birth: Unknown. Third daughter of Emperor Goshirakawa. Mother was Shigeko (Takakura Sanmi), daughter of Fujiwara no Suenari. Also called Oimikado Saiin or Kayasaiin. Her Buddhist name was Jonyoho. Her elder brothers from the same mother were Prince Shukaku and Prince Mochihito, and her elder sister was Inpumon'in. In 1159, she received a divine reading from Kamo Saiin, and spent the next 11 years serving the gods. Some of her life at that time can be learned from poems included in the Senzaishu. In July 1169, she retired due to illness. After that, she lived in Sanjo Takakuradono (her mother's residence) for a while, and it is known that Fujiwara no Teika visited there several times. In 1185, she was appointed as a junsangu (jun-sannomiya). In 1192, after the death of Emperor Goshirakawa, she may have become a monk shortly thereafter. Her friend Honen served as her precept master. He studied waka poetry under Fujiwara no Shunzei. Shunzei's "Koraifutaisho" was written in 1197 at the request of Princess Shikishi and presented to her. However, he did not take part in any glamorous activities such as hosting poetry contests or becoming a member of the poetry world. He was often ill in his later years and is thought to have led a solitary life. His family anthology "Shikishi no Naishinno Shu" contains "Shoji 2-in Hatsudo Hyakushu" and two types of 100 poems, as well as over 60 imperially selected poems. His style of poetry quietly exudes hidden feelings of sadness and loneliness while still restraining them. Influenced by poets of his time, he attempted avant-garde expressions, while also acquiring a unique lyricism that sets him apart from others. One of his representative poems is "If the thread of the jewel is cut off, if it is not cut off, then my patience will weaken." <References> Takenishi Hiroko, "Shikishi no Naishinno Eifukumon'in"

(Tomoko Tani)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：建仁1.1.25(1201.3.1)
生年：生年不詳
後白河天皇の第3皇女。母は藤原季成の娘成子(高倉三位)。大炊御門斎院,萱斎院とも称する。法名は承如法。同母の兄に守覚法親王,以仁王,姉に殷富門院がいる。平治1(1159)年賀茂斎院の卜定を受け,以後11年間神に仕えて過ごした。当時の生活については,『千載集』入集歌などによってその一部を知ることができる。嘉応1(1169)年7月病気を理由に退下。その後しばらく三条高倉殿(母の住居)に住むが,そこに藤原定家が何度か訪れたことが知られている。文治1(1185)年准三宮宣下を受ける。建久3(1192)年後白河法皇が崩じたのち,まもなく出家したか。戒師は親交のあった法然が勤めた。藤原俊成を師として和歌を学ぶ。俊成の『古来風体抄』は式子内親王の求めに応じて,建久8(1197)年執筆,献上されたものである。しかし,歌合を主催したり,歌壇の一員となるような華やかな活動はしなかった。晩年は病気がちで,孤独な生活であったと思われる。家集に『式子内親王集』があり,『正治二年院初度百首』と2種の百首歌のほか,勅撰歌60首余りを収める。内に秘めた悲哀の情や孤独感を,抑制しつつも静かににじませる作風。同時代歌人の影響を受け,前衛的な表現を試みる一方で,他とは一線を画する独自の抒情性を獲得した。代表歌に「玉の緒よ絶えなば絶えねながらへば忍ぶることの弱りもぞする」がある。<参考文献>竹西寛子『式子内親王・永福門院』

(谷知子)

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