A compound of oxygen and silver. Usually, when people say silver oxide, they are referring to silver oxide(I), but silver monoxide (sometimes mistakenly called silver peroxide) is also known. (1) Silver oxide (I) A dark brown powder obtained by adding a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to a concentrated aqueous solution of silver nitrate. It is unstable to heat and light, and when heated, it begins to decompose at about 160°C, and at 250-300°C it decomposes rapidly, releasing oxygen and becoming metallic silver. It is slightly soluble in water (0.00214 g dissolves in 100 g of water), and is insoluble in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). It is soluble in dilute nitric acid and ammonia water. The aqueous solution is strongly alkaline, and absorbs carbon dioxide from the air. (2) Silver monoxide It is obtained by reacting silver with ozone or by reacting an aqueous solution of silver nitrate with peroxodisulfate (NH4)2S2O8 . It is a gray-black powder. Although it is written as AgO, it is not an oxide of silver(II) but is considered to be a mixed oxide of silver(I ) and silver(III), such as AgAgO2 . Formula weight: 123.9. Specific gravity: 7.48. Insoluble in cold water, soluble in aqueous ammonia. It is one of the strongest oxidizing agents. [Nakahara Katsunori] [Supplementary Material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
酸素と銀の化合物。普通、酸化銀というときは酸化銀(Ⅰ)をさすが、そのほかに一酸化銀(誤って過酸化銀とよばれることもある)も知られている。 (1)酸化銀(Ⅰ) 硝酸銀の濃水溶液に水酸化ナトリウムの希水溶液を加えて得られる暗褐色粉末。熱および光に対して不安定で、熱すると約160℃で分解し始め、250~300℃で急激に分解して酸素を放ち金属銀となる。水にわずかに溶け(水100gに0.00214g溶ける)、エタノール(エチルアルコール)に不溶。希硝酸、アンモニア水に溶ける。水溶液は強いアルカリ性で、空気中から二酸化炭素を吸収する。 (2)一酸化銀 銀にオゾンを作用させるか、硝酸銀水溶液にペルオキソ二硫酸塩(NH4)2S2O8を反応させて得られる。灰黒色粉末。AgOと書かれるが、銀(Ⅱ)の酸化物ではなく、AgAgO2のような銀(Ⅰ)と銀(Ⅲ)の混合酸化物であるとされている。式量123.9。比重7.48。冷水に不溶、アンモニア水に溶ける。もっとも強い酸化剤の一つである。 [中原勝儼] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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